论文标题
用太阳寻找黑能
Searching for dark energy with the Sun
论文作者
论文摘要
基于真正的自由度的一般相对论（GR）的一般扩展预示着在大型物体内运行的第五力，为在恒星尺度上进行重力测试打开了令人兴奋的机会。在这里，着眼于一般标量张量学理论，我们利用太阳作为实验室，并寻找对太阳平衡结构的第五强大影响的烙印。通过分析结果和数值模拟，我们解释了不同的太阳能区域如何提供强大的测试重力方法。考虑到第五力与太阳能物理学之间的微妙相互作用，例如不透明度，扩散，状态和金属性方程，我们证明了第五力仍然在太阳能速度上留下了尖锐的签名，在一个简单的输入物理学不确定性的区域中，这一区域却可以忽略不计。 For general scalar-field extensions of GR, known as (U-)DHOST, based solely on the observational helioseismic errors, our analysis at the equilibrium level allows to place an approximate constraint on the fifth-force coupling strength of $-10^{-3} \lesssim \mathcal{Y} \lesssim 5\cdot 10^{-4}$ at $2σ$.该结果将以前的恒星约束提高到$ \ sim 3 $的数量级，应通过修改后的重力中的未来Helioseisic倒置确认和改进，并结合了对理论不确定性的精心算置。我们的分析可以应用于GR以外的广泛理论，并在这种情况下为Helioseismic分析铺平了道路。在这方面，我们讨论了如何将太阳辐射和对流带作为有前途的实验室来检验重力理论。
General extensions of General Relativity (GR) based on bona fide degrees of freedom predict a fifth force which operates within massive objects, opening up an exciting opportunity to perform precision tests of gravity at stellar scales. Here, focusing on general scalar-tensor theories for dark energy, we utilize the Sun as our laboratory and search for imprints of the fifth-force effect on the solar equilibrium structure. With analytic results and numerical simulations, we explain how the different solar regions offer powerful ways to test gravity. Accounting for the delicate interplay between fifth force and solar microphysics such as opacity, diffusion, equation of state and metallicity, we demonstrate that the fifth force still leaves a sharp signature on the solar sound speed, in a region where simple estimates of input physics uncertainties become negligible. For general scalar-field extensions of GR, known as (U-)DHOST, based solely on the observational helioseismic errors, our analysis at the equilibrium level allows to place an approximate constraint on the fifth-force coupling strength of $-10^{-3} \lesssim \mathcal{Y} \lesssim 5\cdot 10^{-4}$ at $2σ$. This result improves previous stellar constraints by $\sim 3$ orders of magnitude, and should be confirmed and improved by future helioseismic inversions in modified gravity combined with an elaborate accounting of theoretical uncertainties. Our analysis can be applied to a wide set of theories beyond GR, and also paves the way for helioseismic analyses in this context. In this regard, we discuss how the solar radiative and convective zone can be employed as promising laboratories to test generic theories of gravity.
