论文标题
无超血流信号传导的超亮性隧道时间：早期MacColl-Hartman效应的褪色
Superluminal tunneling times without superluminal signaling: Fading of the MacColl-Hartman effect at early times
论文作者
论文摘要
量子隧道的一个奇怪特征称为MacColl-Hartman效应导致数值观察，即颗粒可以以有效的超闪光速度横穿屏障。但是，由于隧道措施永远是不确定的，因此任何尝试使用此效果的尝试都比光快地发送信号的速度都需要发送许多颗粒。在这项工作中，我们考虑在粒子之间并没有相互作用的情况下发送足够多的颗粒，以确保至少其中一个隧道。在这种情况下，尽管单个隧道粒子的平均时间在平均时间前进，但对于隧道粒子而言，发送一点点信息的平均时间比相同数量的自由光子更大。这消除了静光信号传导的任何可能性。我们表明，使用N颗粒发送一位的平均时间取决于一个粒子的隧道时间分布的早期尾巴，并且当使用陡峭下降的早期尾巴高度准确地建模时，Maccoll-Hartman效应就会消失。
A curious feature of quantum tunneling known as the MacColl-Hartman effect results in the numerical observation that particles can traverse a barrier with effective superluminal speed. However, because tunneling is never certain, any attempt to use this effect to send a signal faster than light would require sending many particles. In this work, we consider sending -- in parallel, without interactions between particles -- sufficiently many particles to ensure at the least one of them tunnels. In this case, in spite of the time advance of the mean time for a single tunneling particle, the mean time to send one bit of information is larger for tunneling particles than for the same number of free photons. This removes any possibility of superluminal signaling. We show that the mean time to send one bit using N particles is determined by the early-time tail of the distribution of tunneling times for one particle and that, when this early-time tail is highly accurately modeled using steepest descent, the MacColl-Hartman effect is seen to fade away.
