论文标题
空间和时间量子通道的电路
Circuits of space and time quantum channels
论文作者
论文摘要
相互作用的多体系统中的确切解决方案很少,但非常有价值,因为它们提供了对动态的见解。双重模型是一个空间维度中的示例。这些砖墙量子电路由当地大门组成,不仅在及时及时地被解释为沿空间方向的进化时,它们仍然是统一的。但是,由于其不完美的隔离,这种统一动力学的设置并不直接适用于现实世界系统,因此必须考虑噪声对双重单位动力学及其确切的解决性的影响。 在这项工作中,我们概括了双重非军事的想法,以在嘈杂的量子电路中获得精确的解决方案,其中每个单位门都由局部量子通道代替。通过要求嘈杂的门不仅在及时产生有效的量子通道,而且在解释为沿一个或两个空间方向的演变时,也可能会及时地将其解释为进化,从而获得了确切的解决方案。这引起了新的模型家族,这些模型沿空间和时间方向满足了单位限制的不同组合。我们为这些模型家族的时空相关函数,量子淬灭后的空间相关性以及稳态的结构提供了精确的解决方案。我们表明,即使双重非军事遭到强烈侵犯,双重独立家庭周围的噪音无偏见。我们证明,在空间和时间方向上的任何频道都可以写成特定类别独立门的仿射组合。最后,我们将可溶解初始状态的定义扩展到矩阵 - 产品密度运算符。当他们的张量承认本地净化时,我们将它们完全对它们进行分类。
Exact solutions in interacting many-body systems are scarce but extremely valuable since they provide insights into the dynamics. Dual-unitary models are examples in one spatial dimension where this is possible. These brick-wall quantum circuits consist of local gates, which remain unitary not only in time, but also when interpreted as evolutions along the spatial directions. However, this setting of unitary dynamics does not directly apply to real-world systems due to their imperfect isolation, and it is thus imperative to consider the impact of noise to dual-unitary dynamics and its exact solvability. In this work we generalise the ideas of dual-unitarity to obtain exact solutions in noisy quantum circuits, where each unitary gate is substituted by a local quantum channel. Exact solutions are obtained by demanding that the noisy gates yield a valid quantum channel not only in time, but also when interpreted as evolutions along one or both of the spatial directions and possibly backwards in time. This gives rise to new families of models that satisfy different combinations of unitality constraints along the space and time directions. We provide exact solutions for the spatio-temporal correlation functions, spatial correlations after a quantum quench, and the structure of steady states for these families of models. We show that noise unbiased around the dual-unitary family leads to exactly solvable models, even if dual-unitarity is strongly violated. We prove that any channel unital in both space and time directions can be written as an affine combination of a particular class of dual-unitary gates. Finally, we extend the definition of solvable initial states to matrix-product density operators. We completely classify them when their tensor admits a local purification.