论文标题
量子整合性的新趋势：超低原子的最新实验
New trends in quantum integrability: Recent experiments with ultracold atoms
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的二十年中，Quantum Engineering在我们使用Ultracold Atoms创建真正的量子多体系统的能力方面取得了重大进步。特别是，某些典型的Yang-baxter系统已成功实现，使我们能够与他们的实验对应物面对这些系统的优雅而复杂的精确解决方案。新的实验发展显示了各种基本的一维（1D）现象，从广义流体动力学到动态费用，Tomonaga-Luttinger液体，集体激发，分数排斥统计，量子自由度，量子自由度分离，旋转键盘分离，竞争竞争性均具有高度旋转式Spinum Symermetry和量子的implymemerity问题。本文简要回顾了这些发展，并根据确切的解决方案对观察到的现象提供了严格的理解，同时突出了1D量子物理学的独特性。原子体物理学实现可集成多体问题的精度继续激发了数学和物理学方面的重大发展，同时为前景提供了为未来的量子技术做出贡献的前景。
Over the past two decades quantum engineering has made significant advances in our ability to create genuine quantum many-body systems using ultracold atoms. In particular, some prototypical exactly solvable Yang-Baxter systems have been successfully realized allowing us to confront elegant and sophisticated exact solutions of these systems with their experimental counterparts. The new experimental developments show a variety of fundamental one-dimensional (1D) phenomena, ranging from the generalized hydrodynamics to dynamical fermionization, Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, collective excitations, fractional exclusion statistics, quantum holonomy, spin-charge separation, competing orders with high spin symmetry and quantum impurity problems. This article briefly reviews these developments and provides rigorous understanding of those observed phenomena based on the exact solutions while highlighting the uniqueness of 1D quantum physics. The precision of atomic physics realizations of integrable many-body problems continues to inspire significant developments in mathematics and physics while at the same time offering the prospect to contribute to future quantum technology.
