论文标题
在低雷诺数的情况下举起
Lift at low Reynolds number
论文作者
论文摘要
升力力在流体动力学中广泛。这些通常是针对大型和快速物体观察到的，并且通常与流体惯性（即大雷诺数）和特定的对称性机制的组合相关。相比之下，以粘度为主的（即低雷诺数）流动的性能使这种升力力变得更加困难。但是，边界效应的包含在定性上改变了这张图。实际上，在柔软和生物学问题的背景下，最近的研究揭示了边界柔软，流量梯度和/或表面电荷产生的新型升力力的出现。本评论的目的是收集和分析这一文献，以识别和统一相关社区内的质疑，并为未来的研究铺平道路。
Lift forces are widespread in hydrodynamics. These are typically observed for big and fast objects, and are often associated with a combination of fluid inertia (i.e. large Reynolds numbers) and specific symmetry-breaking mechanisms. In contrast, the properties of viscosity-dominated (i.e. low Reynolds numbers) flows make it more difficult for such lift forces to emerge. However, the inclusion of boundary effects qualitatively changes this picture. Indeed, in the context of soft and biological matter, recent studies have revealed the emergence of novel lift forces generated by boundary softness, flow gradients and/or surface charges. The aim of the present review is to gather and analyse this corpus of literature, in order to identify and unify the questioning within the associated communities, and pave the way towards future research.
