论文标题

非热门哈特曼效应

Non-Hermitian Hartman effect

论文作者

Longhi, Stefano

论文摘要

哈特曼效应是指相当悖论的结果,即量子机械粒子或光子通过不透明势屏障的隧道所花费的时间独立于长期屏障的屏障宽度。由于正确的定义和解释,隧道时间和明显的静光传播,这种效果已在不同的物理环境中观察到,引起了活泼的辩论和一些争议。一个相当开放的问题是(在哪个条件下)Hartman效应是否持续存在非弹性散射,即当电位变成非甲米时,而散射矩阵并不统一。在这里,我们考虑通过紧密结合图片中的异质结屏障进行隧穿,该障碍物由一个通常非富米的有限尺寸晶格组成,该晶格附在两个半官方最近的邻居冬季遗产晶格线上。我们得出了一个简单而普遍的条件,即在非弱势屏障中Hartman效应的持续性,表明当非近地焦点耦合引起非热性时,通常可以找到它,即当屏障在系统中没有任何特殊对称性时,屏障显示非热层的皮肤效应时。

The Hartman effect refers to the rather paradoxical result that the time spent by a quantum mechanical particle or a photon to tunnel through an opaque potential barrier becomes independent of barrier width for long barriers. Such an effect, which has been observed in different physical settings, raised a lively debate and some controversies, owing to the correct definition and interpretation of tunneling times and the apparent superluminal transmission. A rather open question is whether (and under which conditions) the Hartman effect persists for inelastic scattering, i.e. when the potential becomes non-Hermitian and the scattering matrix is not unitary. Here we consider tunneling through a heterojunction barrier in the tight-binding picture, where the barrier consists of a generally non-Hermitian finite-sized lattice attached to two semi-infinite nearest-neighbor Hermitian lattice leads. We derive a simple and general condition for the persistence of the Hartman effect in non-Hermitian barriers, showing that it can be found rather generally when non-Hermiticity arises from non-reciprocal couplings, i.e. when the barrier displays the non-Hermitian skin effect, without any special symmetry in the system.

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