论文标题
干扰量子场理论：检测幽灵的阶段
Interference in quantum field theory: detecting ghosts with phases
论文作者
论文摘要
我们讨论了当地原理对量子场理论干扰的含义。例如，我们考虑通过中介量子场和所得干扰模式在洛伦兹仪表中考虑两种电荷的相互作用。使用海森伯格图片，我们建议在干涉实验中检测两个电荷之间的相对相或纠缠等效于从洛伦兹仪表中与所谓的幽灵（标量）模式相关的凭经验访问自由度。这些结果表明，幽灵模式是可以测量的，因此在物理上相关，与通常认为的情况相反。他们还提出了有关当地原则与规格侵权原则之间关系的有趣问题。我们的分析也适用于谐波仪表中的线性化量子重力，因此对最近提出的基于纠缠的非经典性在重力中具有影响。
We discuss the implications of the principle of locality for interference in quantum field theory. As an example, we consider the interaction of two charges via a mediating quantum field and the resulting interference pattern, in the Lorenz gauge. Using the Heisenberg picture, we propose that detecting relative phases or entanglement between two charges in an interference experiment is equivalent to accessing empirically the gauge degrees of freedom associated with the so-called ghost (scalar) modes of the field in the Lorenz gauge. These results imply that ghost modes are measurable and hence physically relevant, contrary to what is usually thought. They also raise interesting questions about the relation between the principle of locality and the principle of gauge-invariance. Our analysis applies also to linearised quantum gravity in the harmonic gauge, and hence has implications for the recently proposed entanglement-based witnesses of non-classicality in gravity.
