论文标题
直接测量量子渔民信息
Direct measurement of quantum Fisher information
论文作者
论文摘要
在绝热扰动理论中,浆果曲率与广义力有关,量子度量张量与能量波动有关。虽然对前者进行了许多数值结果和实验实现的测试,但后者的考虑较少。量子Fisher信息(量子精度测量的关键)是量子度量张量的四倍。很难将量子Fisher信息与一些物理观察到的信息联系起来。一个有趣的候选者是对数衍生物的平方,通常很难在理论上和实验上同时获得。绝热扰动理论启发了我们测量能量波动,以直接提取量子渔民信息。在本文中,我们首先采用另一种方法来得出能源波动与量子Fisher信息的联系。然后,我们根据两级系统中的绝热扰动来数字证明量子渔民信息的直接提取,并使用实验实用的参数模拟了氮气胶合中心的实验实现。还讨论了诸如横向场ISING模型和海森堡旋转链之类的统计模型,以分别与分析结果进行比较并分别显示水平交叉。我们的讨论将提供一个新的实用方案来衡量量子Fisher信息,还将受益于量子精度测量和对量子Fisher信息的理解。
In the adiabatic perturbation theory, Berry curvature is related to the generalized force, and the quantum metric tensor is linked with energy fluctuation. While the former is tested with numerous numerical results and experimental realizations, the latter is less considered. Quantum Fisher information, key to quantum precision measurement, is four times quantum metric tensor. It is difficult to relate the quantum Fisher information with some physical observable. One interesting candidate is square of the symmetric logarithmic derivative, which is usually tough to obtain both theoretically and experimentally. The adiabatic perturbation theory enlightens us to measure the energy fluctuation to directly extract the quantum Fisher information. In this article, we first adopt an alternative way to derive the link of energy fluctuation to the quantum Fisher information. Then we numerically testify the direct extraction of the quantum Fisher information based on adiabatic perturbation in two-level systems and simulate the experimental realization in nitrogen-vacancy center with experimentally practical parameters. Statistical models such as transverse field Ising model and Heisenberg spin chains are also discussed to compare with the analytical result and show the level crossing respectively. Our discussion will provide a new practical scheme to measure the quantum Fisher information, and will also benefit the quantum precision measurement and the understand of the quantum Fisher information.