论文标题

用BMS电荷固定数值相对性波形的BMS框架

Fixing the BMS frame of numerical relativity waveforms with BMS charges

论文作者

Mitman, Keefe, Stein, Leo C., Boyle, Michael, Deppe, Nils, Hébert, François, Kidder, Lawrence E., Moxon, Jordan, Scheel, Mark A., Teukolsky, Saul A., Throwe, William, Vu, Nils L.

论文摘要

Bondi-Van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs(BMS)组唯一地描述了渐近无穷大的对称性以及在那里传播的引力波的对称性,对于波形的准确建模变得越来越重要。特别是,波形模型,例如牛顿后(PN)表达式,数值相对性(NR)和黑洞扰动理论,产生在不同BMS框架中的结果。因此,为了建立一个在紧凑型物体合并过程中产生的波形的模型,理想情况下是PN,NR和黑洞扰动理论的杂交,人们需要一种快速,可靠的方法来固定BMS自由。在这项工作中,我们提出了固定NR波形的整个BMS自由以匹配PN波形或黑洞扰动理论的框架的第一种手段。我们通过找到以规定的方式改变某些电荷的BMS转换来实现这一目标 - 例如,找到将质量中心电荷映射到平均值为零的质量中心变换。我们发现,与依赖优化算法的先前方法相比,在映射到超级帧时,这种新方法的速度更快,并且在映射到超级帧时更正确。此外,在开发此基于电荷的框架固定方法的过程中,我们将Moreschi Supermomentum的PN表达式计算为没有旋转的3PN顺序,并用自旋进行2PN顺序。此Moreschi Supermentum有效地等同于能量通量或未来无效的无限$ \ Mathscr {i}^{+} $的无效内存贡献。通过此PN计算,我们还计算振荡($ m \ not = 0 $模式)和自旋依赖性记忆项,这些记忆项先前尚未鉴定出来,或者在牛顿后文献中的应变表达中缺失。

The Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group, which uniquely describes the symmetries of asymptotic infinity and therefore of the gravitational waves that propagate there, has become increasingly important for accurate modeling of waveforms. In particular, waveform models, such as post-Newtonian (PN) expressions, numerical relativity (NR), and black hole perturbation theory, produce results that are in different BMS frames. Consequently, to build a model for the waveforms produced during the merging of compact objects, which ideally would be a hybridization of PN, NR, and black hole perturbation theory, one needs a fast and robust method for fixing the BMS freedoms. In this work, we present the first means of fixing the entire BMS freedom of NR waveforms to match the frame of either PN waveforms or black hole perturbation theory. We achieve this by finding the BMS transformations that change certain charges in a prescribed way -- e.g., finding the center-of-mass transformation that maps the center-of-mass charge to a mean of zero. We find that this new method is 20 times faster, and more correct when mapping to the superrest frame, than previous methods that relied on optimization algorithms. Furthermore, in the course of developing this charge-based frame fixing method, we compute the PN expression for the Moreschi supermomentum to 3PN order without spins and 2PN order with spins. This Moreschi supermomentum is effectively equivalent to the energy flux or the null memory contribution at future null infinity $\mathscr{I}^{+}$. From this PN calculation, we also compute oscillatory ($m\not=0$ modes) and spin-dependent memory terms that have not been identified previously or have been missing from strain expressions in the post-Newtonian literature.

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