论文标题
量子古典混合动力系统及其准式转换
Quantum-Classical Hybrid Systems and their Quasifree Transformations
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究连续的可变系统,其中量子和经典的自由度在同一基础上合并和处理。因此,所有系统,包括通道的输入或输出,都可以是量子古典杂种。这允许对涉及测量或依赖经典参数的各种量子操作进行统一处理。基本变量由标量兼职器的规范运算符给出。有些变量可能会与其他所有变量通勤,因此产生了一个经典的子系统。我们系统地研究了“ Quasifree”操作的类别,这些操作的特征是通过相互间距翻译的交织条件,或者要求在海森伯格图片中,Weyl Operators映射到Weyl Operators的倍数。这包括著名的高斯行动,具有二次哈密顿人的演变和“线性骨通道”,但允许更多的噪音。例如,所有状态均为Quasifree。我们勾勒出对准准备,测量,重复观察,克隆,传送,密集编码,经典限制的设置以及不可逆动态的某些方面的分析,以及不确定性,错误和干扰的精确突出折衷方案。尽管可观察到的空间对于我们考虑的每个非平凡系统都是无限的维度,但我们以统一和结论性的方式对待与此相关的技术,提供了既易于使用又完全严格的微积分。
We study continuous variable systems, in which quantum and classical degrees of freedom are combined and treated on the same footing. Thus all systems, including the inputs or outputs to a channel, may be quantum-classical hybrids. This allows a unified treatment of a large variety of quantum operations involving measurements or dependence on classical parameters. The basic variables are given by canonical operators with scalar commutators. Some variables may commute with all others and hence generate a classical subsystem. We systematically study the class of "quasifree" operations, which are characterized equivalently either by an intertwining condition for phase-space translations or by the requirement that, in the Heisenberg picture, Weyl operators are mapped to multiples of Weyl operators. This includes the well-known Gaussian operations, evolutions with quadratic Hamiltonians, and "linear Bosonic channels", but allows for much more general kinds of noise. For example, all states are quasifree. We sketch the analysis of quasifree preparation, measurement, repeated observation, cloning, teleportation, dense coding, the setup for the classical limit, and some aspects of irreversible dynamics, together with the precise salient tradeoffs of uncertainty, error, and disturbance. Although the spaces of observables and states are infinite dimensional for every non-trivial system that we consider, we treat the technicalities related to this in a uniform and conclusive way, providing a calculus that is both easy to use and fully rigorous.