论文标题

可证明最紧密的线性近似,以验证Sigmoid样神经网络的鲁棒性验证

Provably Tightest Linear Approximation for Robustness Verification of Sigmoid-like Neural Networks

论文作者

Zhang, Zhaodi, Wu, Yiting, Liu, Si, Liu, Jing, Zhang, Min

论文摘要

深神经网络的鲁棒性对于现代AI支持系统至关重要,应正式验证。在广泛的应用中采用了类似乙状结肠的神经网络。由于它们的非线性,通常会过度评估Sigmoid样激活功能,以进行有效的验证,这不可避免地引入了不精确。已大量的努力致力于找到所谓的更紧密的近似值,以获得更精确的验证结果。但是,现有的紧密定义是启发式的,缺乏理论基础。我们对现有神经元的紧密表征进行彻底的经验分析,并揭示它们仅在特定的神经网络上是优越的。然后,我们将网络紧密度的概念介绍为统一的紧密度定义,并表明计算网络紧密度是一个复杂的非convex优化问题。我们通过两个有效的,最紧密的近似值从不同的角度绕过复杂性。结果表明,我们在艺术状态下的方法实现了有希望的表现:(i)在认证的较低鲁棒性范围内实现多达251.28%的提高; (ii)在卷积网络上表现出更为精确的验证结果。

The robustness of deep neural networks is crucial to modern AI-enabled systems and should be formally verified. Sigmoid-like neural networks have been adopted in a wide range of applications. Due to their non-linearity, Sigmoid-like activation functions are usually over-approximated for efficient verification, which inevitably introduces imprecision. Considerable efforts have been devoted to finding the so-called tighter approximations to obtain more precise verification results. However, existing tightness definitions are heuristic and lack theoretical foundations. We conduct a thorough empirical analysis of existing neuron-wise characterizations of tightness and reveal that they are superior only on specific neural networks. We then introduce the notion of network-wise tightness as a unified tightness definition and show that computing network-wise tightness is a complex non-convex optimization problem. We bypass the complexity from different perspectives via two efficient, provably tightest approximations. The results demonstrate the promising performance achievement of our approaches over state of the art: (i) achieving up to 251.28% improvement to certified lower robustness bounds; and (ii) exhibiting notably more precise verification results on convolutional networks.

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