论文标题

LTE4G:图形神经网络的长尾专家

LTE4G: Long-Tail Experts for Graph Neural Networks

论文作者

Yun, Sukwon, Kim, Kibum, Yoon, Kanghoon, Park, Chanyoung

论文摘要

现有的图形神经网络(GNN)通常会假定平衡的情况,即班级分布和节点学位分布平衡。但是,在现实情况下,我们经常遇到一些案例,即几个类(即头类)主导其他类(即尾部类)以及节点学位的观点,因此天真地应用现有GNN最终无法推广到尾巴案例。尽管最近的研究提出了处理图表上长尾情况的方法,但它们仅关注班级长尾巴或长尾巴。在本文中,我们为培训GNN的新框架提出了一个新的框架,称为图形长尾专家(LTE4G),该框架共同考虑了班级长尾巴,以及用于节点分类的长尾。核心思想是将专家GNN模型分配给以平衡方式分配的节点的每个子集,考虑到阶级和程度的长尾巴。在为每个平衡子集培训了专家之后,我们采用知识蒸馏来获得两个班级学生,即校长和尾巴班级学生,每个学生分别负责在校课和尾部课程中分别对节点进行分类。我们证明,LTE4G的表现优于在手动和自然不平衡图上评估的节点分类中的各种最新方法。 LTE4G的源代码可在https://github.com/sukwonyun/lte4g上找到。

Existing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) usually assume a balanced situation where both the class distribution and the node degree distribution are balanced. However, in real-world situations, we often encounter cases where a few classes (i.e., head class) dominate other classes (i.e., tail class) as well as in the node degree perspective, and thus naively applying existing GNNs eventually fall short of generalizing to the tail cases. Although recent studies proposed methods to handle long-tail situations on graphs, they only focus on either the class long-tailedness or the degree long-tailedness. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for training GNNs, called Long-Tail Experts for Graphs (LTE4G), which jointly considers the class long-tailedness, and the degree long-tailedness for node classification. The core idea is to assign an expert GNN model to each subset of nodes that are split in a balanced manner considering both the class and degree long-tailedness. After having trained an expert for each balanced subset, we adopt knowledge distillation to obtain two class-wise students, i.e., Head class student and Tail class student, each of which is responsible for classifying nodes in the head classes and tail classes, respectively. We demonstrate that LTE4G outperforms a wide range of state-of-the-art methods in node classification evaluated on both manual and natural imbalanced graphs. The source code of LTE4G can be found at https://github.com/SukwonYun/LTE4G.

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