论文标题
在2022年洪加 - 汤加·汉加·哈帕火山喷发后，大气压力冲击波引起的海啸波
On Tsunami Waves induced by Atmospheric Pressure Shock Waves after the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano Eruption
论文作者
论文摘要
本文在球形坐标中采用线性浅水方程（LSWE）模型，研究了由大气压力冲击波产生的海啸波，这是由于2022年1月15日的1月15日在1月15日的1月15日爆炸的大气压力冲击波引起的。在LSWE模型中应用大气压力模型和逼真的测深数据，在太平洋中模拟了海啸的产生和传播。数值结果清楚地表明，前导锁定波的共存，以大气压力波的速度（〜1,100 km/hr）传播，而尾随的游离波则以长的重力海浪旋转（〜750 km/hr）传播。在活动期间，太平洋中有41个飞镖浮标报告了海啸，由于大气压波发生，这需要校正。数值模拟的海啸到达时间以及领先锁定波的波峰和槽的幅度与校正后的DART测量值相当恰当地比较。尾波的比较不那么令人满意，因为其他海啸的生成机制也可能产生，这些机制在当前模型中尚未考虑，并且通过锁定的波在变化的测深度法上散射。在这方面，数值结果清楚地表明，深汤加沟渠（约10公里）通过骄傲的共振条件放大了太平洋东南部的尾波。
Employing a linear shallow water equation (LSWE) model in the spherical coordinates, this paper investigates the tsunami waves generated by the atmospheric pressure shock waves due to the explosion of the submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai on January 15, 2022. Using the selected 59 atmospheric pressure records in the Pacific Ocean, an empirical atmospheric pressure model is first constructed. Applying the atmospheric pressure model and realistic bathymetric data in the LSWE model, tsunami generation and propagation are simulated in the Pacific Ocean. The numerical results show clearly the co-existence of the leading locked waves, propagating with the speed of the atmospheric pressure waves (~1,100 km/hr), and the trailing free waves, propagating with long gravity ocean wave celerity (~ 750 km/hr). During the event, tsunamis were reported by 41 DART buoys in the Pacific Ocean, which require corrections because of the occurrence of atmospheric pressure waves. The numerically simulated tsunami arrival time and the amplitudes of the wave crest and trough of the leading locked waves compare reasonably well with the corrected DART measurements. The comparisons for the trailing waves are less satisfactory, since free waves could also have been generated by other tsunami generation mechanisms, which have not been considered in the present model, and by the scattering of locked waves over changing bathymetry. In this regard, the numerical results show clearly that the deep Tonga trench (~ 10 km) amplifies the trailing waves in the Southeast part of the Pacific Ocean via the Proudman resonance condition.
