论文标题
设计和升级Schwarzschild-Couder望远镜
Design and upgrade of the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope
论文作者
论文摘要
Cherenkov望远镜阵列（CTA）是下一代基于地面的天文台，用于高能伽马射线天文学。 CTA将具有无与伦比的灵敏度和角度分辨率，并将检测到伽马射线源比当前阵列快100倍，从而实现了有价值的多波长和多通用器观察。 Schwarzschild-Couder望远镜（SCT）是CTA中型望远镜的候选者。在美国亚利桑那州的弗雷德·劳伦斯·惠普尔天文台建造了原型SCT（PSCT）。目前，它的相机用1600个像素（2.7度FOV）进行了部分仪器。光学系统的小板刻度允许使用密集的硅光电层流，结合高密度触发器，波形读数电子功能可实现高分辨率摄像头。该相机的电子设备能够以纳秒分辨率的波形读数来对空气淋浴的发展进行成像。 PSCT于2019年1月成立，这一年进行了调试。对PSCT进行的首次观察活动是在2020年1月和2月进行的。发现了蟹状星云的伽马射线排放，其显着性为8.6 Sigma。目前正在进行对PSCT相机的升级。升级将充分填充焦平面，将视场的直径增加到8度，并降低前端电子噪声，从而实现较低的触发阈值，并改善重建和背景排斥。
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high energy gamma-ray astronomy. CTA will have unparalleled sensitivity and angular resolution and will detect gamma-ray sources nearly 100 times faster than current arrays, enabling valuable multiwavelength and multimessenger observations. The Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT) is a candidate for the Medium-Sized telescope in CTA. A prototype SCT (pSCT) has been constructed at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in Arizona USA. Its camera is currently partially instrumented with 1600 pixels (2.7 degree FOV). The small plate scale of the optical system allows densely packed silicon photomultipliers to be used, which combined with high-density trigger and waveform readout electronics enable the high-resolution camera. The camera's electronics are capable of imaging air shower development with waveform readout with nanosecond resolution. The pSCT was inaugurated in January 2019, with commissioning continuing throughout that year. The first campaign of observations with the pSCT was conducted in January and February of 2020. Gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula was detected with a significance of 8.6 sigma. An upgrade to the pSCT camera is currently underway. The upgrade will fully populate the focal plane, increasing the field of view to 8 degrees diameter, and lower the front-end electronics noise, enabling a lower trigger threshold and improved reconstruction and background rejection.
