论文标题
用于连续核电磁化冰箱和Sub-MK实验的超导锌热开关
Superconducting zinc heat switch for continuous nuclear demagnetization refrigerator and sub-mK experiments
论文作者
论文摘要
我们已经开发并测试了适用于磁制冷和量热实验的锌超导热开关。这里的特定应用是一个绝热的消灭冰箱,具有两个prni $ _ {5} $核阶段,可以连续保持0.8 mk的温度,Toda等人提出的(CNDR)。 (J. Phys。:Conf。Ser。Ser。969,012093(2018)。该开关由六个高纯度锌箔组成,厚度为0.25毫米,厚度为0.25毫米,通过扩散键合接触七个银箔。银箔是电子束是电子光束焊接到银杆上的电杆,这些磁力是在较薄的范围内进行的磁光,以使Zinc Feelants降低了Zinc的选择,以使Zinc的转换均匀固定。开关元件的纵横比的限制。超导(开放)状态,$ k_ \ mathrm {oble} $,从BCS理论中的预测很好,并接近DEBYE模型的预期值,即在70 mk附近的热传输的热量泄漏,从30 mk较高的温度下,估计比0.5 nw的速度低。 MK。开关比率$ k_ \ mathrm {封闭}/k_ \ mathrm {open} $推出至30 mk,高达5 $ \ times10^4 $。
We have developed and tested a zinc superconducting heat switch suitable for magnetic refrigeration and calorimetric experiments at sub-millikevin (sub-mK) temperatures. The specific application here is an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator with two PrNi$_{5}$ nuclear stages, which can keep a temperature of 0.8 mK continuously, (CNDR) proposed by Toda et al. (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 969, 012093 (2018). The switch consists of six high-purity zinc foils of 0.25 mm thick which contact seven silver foils by diffusive bonding. The silver foils are electron beam welded to silver rods that are thermal links to other components. The choice of the thin zinc foils is due to reduce the magnetic latent heat on switching and the contact thermal resistance under a constraint on the aspect ratio of the switch element. The measured thermal conductance of the whole switch assembly in the normal (closed) state, $K_\mathrm{closed}$, agrees very well down to 70 mK with the value estimated from the residual electrical resistance 114 n$\mathrmΩ$ at 4.2 K, indicating the validity of the Wiedemann-Franz law for zinc. The measured thermal conductance in the superconducting (open) state, $K_\mathrm{open}$, follows nicely the prediction from the BCS theory and approaches the value expected from the Debye model for thermal phonons near 70 mK. The heat leak through the HSW from the higher temperature side of 30 mK at most is estimated to be less than 0.5 nW, which is much lower than the expected cooling power ($= 10$ nW) of the CNDR at 0.8 mK . The switching ratio $K_\mathrm{closed}/K_\mathrm{open}$ extrapolated to 30 mK, is as high as 5$\times10^4$. All the test results meet the requirements for the CNDR and, for example, heat capacity measurements at sub-mK.