论文标题
表征$δ$ -Sunspots的伞状结
Characterizing the Umbral Magnetic Knots of $δ$-Sunspots
论文作者
论文摘要
增量（$δ$） - 斑点是活跃区域（ARS），在该区域（ARS），在该区域（ARS）中，阳性和负分子共有半月。它们是强烈耀斑的来源。我们引入了一个新数量，即$δ$（DO $δ$）的度量，以测量参与$δ$ -Configuration的Umbral Flux的比例，并隔离磁性的动力学，即$δ$ -Conconfiguration中的相邻umbrae。使用Helioseiscic和磁成像仪数据，我们详细分析了19 $δ$ - 点和11 $β$ - 点，以及120美元$Δ$ - 点的细节较少详细。我们发现$δ$ - 区域一直不在$δ$ - 配置中，而是将其观察到的时间的55 $ \％$ $ \％$作为$δ$ - 斑点，平均为$δ$δ$ 72 $ \％$。与$β$ - 点相比，$δ$ - 点具有2.6 $ \ times $的最大umbral通量，1.9 $ \ times $ flux出现率，2.6 $ \ times $旋转，72 $ \ times $ \ times $ the flare Energy。平均而言，磁结旋转17 $^{\ circ} $ day $^{ - 1} $，而$β$ -Spots旋转2 $^{\ circ} $ DAY $^$^{ - 1} $。大约72 $ \％$的磁结呈现出反头或反与joy倾斜，形成鲜明对比的是$β$ - 点的9 $ \％$。 $ ϕ_ {doδ} $与该区域发出的耀斑能量之间存在正相关。 $δ$ - 斑点遵守当时的半球螺旋性规则64 $ \％$。 84 $ \％$的$δ$ - 点是由单个通量出现事件形成的，而58 $ \％$具有四极磁性配置。 $δ$ -SPOT特性与以下组的编队机制签名一致：42 $ \％$具有扭结不稳定性或Sigma效应，32 $ \％$带有多节浮标，16 $ \％$ \％$ \％$ collisisions collisions和两个没有分类的活动区域，但均未分类，但与上升的O圈保持一致。
Delta ($δ$)-spots are active regions (ARs) in which positive and negative umbrae share a penumbra. They are known to be the source of strong flares. We introduce a new quantity, the degree of $δ$ (Do$δ$), to measure the fraction of umbral flux participating in the $δ$-configuration and to isolate the dynamics of the magnetic knot, i.e. adjacent umbrae in the $δ$-configuration. Using Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager data, we analyze 19 $δ$-spots and 11 $β$-spots in detail, and 120 $δ$-spots in less detail. We find that $δ$-regions are not in a $δ$-configuration for the entire time but spend 55$\%$ of their observed time as $δ$-spots with an average, maximum Do$δ$ of 72$\%$. Compared to $β$-spots, $δ$-spots have 2.6$\times$ the maximum umbral flux, 1.9$\times$ the flux emergence rate, 2.6$\times$ the rotation, and 72$\times$ the flare energy. On average, the magnetic knots rotate 17$^{\circ}$ day$^{-1}$ while the $β$-spots rotate 2$^{\circ}$ day$^{-1}$. Approximately 72$\%$ of the magnetic knots present anti-Hale or anti-Joy tilts, contrasting starkly with only 9$\%$ of the $β$-spots. A positive correlation exists between $ϕ_{Doδ}$ and the flare energy emitted by that region. The $δ$-spots obey the hemispheric current helicity rule 64$\%$ of the time. 84$\%$ of the $δ$-spots are formed by single flux emergence events and 58$\%$ have a quadrupolar magnetic configuration. The $δ$-spot characteristics are consistent with the formation mechanism signatures as follows: 42$\%$ with the kink instability or Sigma effect, 32$\%$ with multi-segment buoyancy, 16$\%$ with collisions and two active regions that are unclassified but consistent with a rising O-ring.
