论文标题

间谍。 ii。 Cepheus远北的多代和多虫素星形成历史

SPYGLASS. II. The Multi-Generational and Multi-Origin Star Formation History of Cepheus Far North

论文作者

Kerr, Ronan, Kraus, Adam L., Murphy, Simon J., Krolikowski, Daniel M., Offner, Stella S. R., Tofflemire, Benjamin M., Rizzuto, Aaron C.

论文摘要

年轻的恒星种群提供了过去的恒星形成的记录,并通过建立成员的动态和年龄,可以重建恒星形成事件的完整历史。盖亚(Gaia)大大扩大了可访问的恒星种群的数量,最近发现的最著名的协会之一是Cepheus Far North(CFN),该人口包含数百名跨越100个PC的成员。 CFN凭借其接近度(D $ \ Lessim $ 200 PC),明显的子结构和相对较少的人口,代表了一个可管理的人群,可以深入研究,具有足够的内部复杂性证据,可以产生引人注目的星星形成故事。使用GAIA天文学和光度法结合其他光谱观测,我们确定了500多名候选CFN成员分布在7个亚组中。从等时,星空学,动力学和锂消耗的年龄相结合,我们为所有七个亚组产生了良好的约束年龄,揭示了该关联中的10个连续的10 MYR Star形成历史。通过将当今的种群追溯到他们的形成时间,我们在空间和动态不同的节点上识别两个与$β$ cephei相关的恒星形成的节点,其中一个与$β$ cephei相关,它主要显示出共同空间的形成,一个与ee draconis与Ee Draconis伴有与更分散的恒星形成历史相关的。恒星形成的详细观点证明了恒星形成过程的复杂性,即使在最小的区域中也是如此。

Young stellar populations provide a record of past star formation, and by establishing their members' dynamics and ages, it is possible to reconstruct the full history of star formation events. Gaia has greatly expanded the number of accessible stellar populations, with one of the most notable recently-discovered associations being Cepheus Far North (CFN), a population containing hundreds of members spanning over 100 pc. With its proximity (d $\lesssim$ 200 pc), apparent substructure, and relatively small population, CFN represents a manageable population to study in depth, with enough evidence of internal complexity to produce a compelling star formation story. Using Gaia astrometry and photometry combined with additional spectroscopic observations, we identify over 500 candidate CFN members spread across 7 subgroups. Combining ages from isochrones, asteroseismology, dynamics, and lithium depletion, we produce well-constrained ages for all seven subgroups, revealing a largely continuous 10 Myr star formation history in the association. By tracing back the present-day populations to the time of their formation, we identify two spatially and dynamically distinct nodes in which stars form, one associated with $β$ Cephei which shows mostly co-spatial formation, and one associated with EE Draconis with a more dispersed star formation history. This detailed view of star formation demonstrates the complexity of the star formation process, even in the smallest of regions.

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