论文标题
使用生产商的最佳零售关税设计：以经济效率的费用追求公平？
Optimal Retail Tariff Design with Prosumers: Pursuing Equity at the Expenses of Economic Efficiencies?
论文作者
论文摘要
生产商拥有的分布式可再生资源可能是强化网格弹性和增强可持续性的有效方法。但是，生产商达到了自己的利益，其目标不太可能与社会的目标保持一致。本文开发了一种双层模型，以研究经济效率和能源平等之间的平衡，研究零售电价的最佳设计。零售关税需要固定费用和与用电相关的体积费用，以收回公用事业的固定成本。我们分析了二聚体问题的解决方案属性，并证明了最佳速率设计，即使用固定费用来收回固定成本并平衡不同收入群体之间的能源权益。这表明，类似于护理的计划（加利福尼亚州的替代能源）为低收入家庭提供较低的零售率，即使在政治上具有吸引力，也不太可能是有效的。
Distributed renewable resources owned by prosumers can be an effective way of fortifying grid resilience and enhancing sustainability. However, prosumers serve their own interests and their objectives are unlikely to align with that of society. This paper develops a bilevel model to study the optimal design of retail electricity tariffs considering the balance between economic efficiency and energy equity. The retail tariff entails a fixed charge and a volumetric charge tied to electricity usage to recover utilities' fixed costs. We analyze solution properties of the bilevel problem and prove an optimal rate design, which is to use fixed charges to recover fixed costs and to balance energy equity among different income groups. This suggests that programs similar to CARE (California Alternative Rate of Energy), which offer lower retail rates to low-income households, are unlikely to be efficient, even if they are politically appealing.
