论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
First and Second Laws of Information Processing by Nonequilibrium Dynamical States
论文作者
论文摘要
平均的稳态惊奇将驱动的随机系统的信息处理与其非平衡热力学响应联系起来。通过明确考虑非平衡稳态的影响，惊人的分解会导致信息处理第一定律，该法律扩展并收紧（严格的平等性）各种信息处理第二定律。然后，应用随机热力学的积分波动定理表明，分解在适当的限制下还原为第二定律。在统一它们时，第一定律为识别非平衡稳态系统提取从信息自由程度起作用的机制铺平了道路。为了说明，我们分析了一个自主的麦克斯韦信息棘轮，该信息棘轮棘轮棘手会违反其有效动态的详细平衡。这证明了非平衡稳态的存在如何定性地改变信息引擎的允许功能。
The averaged steady-state surprisal links a driven stochastic system's information processing to its nonequilibrium thermodynamic response. By explicitly accounting for the effects of nonequilibrium steady states, a decomposition of the surprisal results in an information processing First Law that extends and tightens -- to strict equalities -- various information processing Second Laws. Applying stochastic thermodynamics' integral fluctuation theorems then shows that the decomposition reduces to the second laws under appropriate limits. In unifying them, the First Law paves the way to identifying the mechanisms by which nonequilibrium steady-state systems extract work from information-bearing degrees of freedom. To illustrate, we analyze an autonomous Maxwellian information ratchet that tunably violates detailed balance in its effective dynamics. This demonstrates how the presence of nonequilibrium steady states qualitatively alters an information engine's allowed functionality.
