论文标题

平滑分类器的多头合奏,以获得认证的鲁棒性

Multi-head Ensemble of Smoothed Classifiers for Certified Robustness

论文作者

Fang, Kun, Tao, Qinghua, Wu, Yingwen, Li, Tao, Huang, Xiaolin, Yang, Jie

论文摘要

随机平滑(RS)是一种具有认证鲁棒性的有前途的技术,最近在多个深神经网络(DNNS)的集合中,由于其对高斯噪声的差异效应,因此显示了最先进的性能。但是,这样的合奏在培训和认证中都带来了沉重的计算负担,但探索个别的DNN及其相互影响,因为这些分类器之间的通信通常在优化中被忽略。在这项工作中,我们考虑了一种基于多个增强头的单个DNN的新颖基于合奏的训练方法,称为平滑的多头合奏(一些)。在某些情况下,类似于通过合奏追求差异的追求,在单个DNN内部施加了多个头部的合奏,并采用了更便宜的培训和认证计算过载。在这样的网络结构中,通过在这些增强头之间引入循环交流流程来设计相关的培训策略。也就是说,每个人都使用平滑的损失以自定进度的学习策略来教其邻居,这些损失是专门针对认证的鲁棒性设计的。部署的多头结构和某些共同的循环教学方案有助于多个头部之间的多样性并使它们的合奏受益,从而使基于多个DNNS(有效性)以较少的计算费用(效率)(效率)(通过广泛的实验和讨论)进行了竞争性的基于RS(有效性)的竞争力更强。

Randomized Smoothing (RS) is a promising technique for certified robustness, and recently in RS the ensemble of multiple Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has shown state-of-the-art performances due to its variance reduction effect over Gaussian noises. However, such an ensemble brings heavy computation burdens in both training and certification, and yet under-exploits individual DNNs and their mutual effects, as the communication between these classifiers is commonly ignored in optimization. In this work, we consider a novel ensemble-based training way for a single DNN with multiple augmented heads, named as SmOothed Multi-head Ensemble (SOME). In SOME, similar to the pursuit of variance reduction via ensemble, an ensemble of multiple heads imposed with a cosine constraint inside a single DNN is employed with much cheaper training and certification computation overloads in RS. In such network structure, an associated training strategy is designed by introducing a circular communication flow among those augmented heads. That is, each head teaches its neighbor with the self-paced learning strategy using smoothed losses, which are specifically designed in relation to certified robustness. The deployed multi-head structure and the circular-teaching scheme in SOME jointly contribute to the diversities among multiple heads and benefit their ensemble, leading to a competitively stronger certifiably-robust RS-based defense than ensembling multiple DNNs (effectiveness) at the cost of much less computational expenses (efficiency), verified by extensive experiments and discussions.

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